Full Text for Das Comma Johanneum, 1 Joh. 5, 7. (Text)

(!tnurnr~iu UJqrnlngirul flnutlJly Continuing LEHRE UND VVEHRE MAGAZIN FUER EV.-LuTH. HOMILETlK THEOLOGICAL QU A.RTERL Y -THEOLOGICAL MONTHLY Vo1. IV May, 1933 No.5 CONTENTS FUERBRINGER, L.: Die pel'soenliche Weisheit Got tes ... . l'aa:e 321 I GRAEBNER, THEODORE: Buchmanism ... . . . .... . 329V'i WOHLFEIL, L. T.: What is Meant by ".All Fulness." Col. 1, 19? 339 HEERBOTH. L. Aug.: Exodus 6, 3 h. W as God Kll O W ll to the Plltriarchs as Jehovnh~ ... . ... . . . . . . . . .. . 345 KRETZMANN, P. E.: Das Commll Iohanneum. 1 Joh. 5.7 349 XRETZMANN. P. E.: Die H nuptschriften L uthers in cbro- nologischer Reihenfolge .................. ...... ...... 354 FRITZ, J. H. C.: The Theme of the Sermon. . . . . . . . . .. . ... 355 Dispositionen ueber die altkirchliche Epistelreihe . . '" . . 361 Miscellanea. . . ... .......................... . .. .. . ....... 369 Theologicnl Observer. - Kirchlich-Zeitgeschichtliches ..... , 374 Book Review. - Literatur 389 £ 111 .Prf'di~er mU<:: 3 n icht allt!in welden.. r .. b t hE'in Din;.:. dQ.'· die L1..Ut4~ meh r 11 It ..1;1' t'r li ll Schafe wlI c""wpi,t'>. wit: 1ft'! del' Ki rehe Iwlt.wIt d l III tl il ~\lt, it! r. ,t'ht e Ch~ j- t t>n oIleli ·jll , somiern Pn . 1i:.{t. - .Jpo(f)!1ip . .. 4rt . ~~ . !'Oil· Ilil S C,' I;lte niC!itt .mgl~it '].I UIld ll1it I I t ll< I r 1111V· t Kh t ,I Tl unc·,rhin llmd. t~h('t.(>r L ·hr- ll'rfuehrlln und l rrtllll! eill· wilt) ,.:h:.Jl\ ph.'pan,' hilll ... elf tr) the battle;- til( hr,,". - -1 If 1 Cor. l~. S. Published for the Ev. Luth. Syn od of liIi.:i80tlri, Ohio, alld Ol-her States CONC ORDIA PUBLISHING HOUSE, St. Louis. M o. I Sl)QS Comma Iohanneum, 1 :;So~. 5, 7. 349 by "God Almighty," they firmly trusted, Gen. 15, 6. In short, God says here: Shall the faith of the patriarchs, with whom I established My covenant as Jehovah and who believed in ]\;Ie as the Almighty God, be put to shame? Never! God will not become a liar to them! This is verily a strong motive for the Lord to act. Then He men- tions as another motive the special promise, or covenant, by which He had pledged Himself to give to Abraham and his seed the land of Canaan, which is an additional motive for the deliverance of Israel, saying: "And also," i. e., in addition to this, "I have established My covenant with them to give them the land Canaan," etc. The particle also (tl~) in vv.4 and :"5 shows that in these verses additional motives are named. Thus in v. 5: "And in addition to this I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel," etc. So we see that in vv. 2-5 God enumerates the causes that moved Him to action, and this declaration of His motives is the leading thOl1ght and the scope of God's words in vv. 2-5. This is also evident from the introductory particle in v. 6, beginning with "therefore" O::l?). Thus the sequence of thought and the clear scope of the entire section compel us to take v. 3b as expressing one of a series of motives, given ill the form of a rhetorical question, by which God is prompted, or moved, to action; and this special motive is emphatically expressed in an interrogative form, to which only an answer in the affirmative is possible, as every one acquainted with the confession and the worship of the patriarchs can well understand. Besides, if it cannot be denied that God in vv.2-5 states His motives, how could it be a motive for delivering their descendants that the patriarchs did not know His name Jehovah? This would be un impossible thought. Some one might think that these words should be considered a parenthesis. But that would not fit into the context, as we have seen. A negative parenthesis would be entirely out of place in this context. From all that ha3 been said it is evident that Ex. 6, 3b is to be understood as an emphatic 'inte1Togative clause requiring an affirma- tive answer and that it is in full harmony with other passages. L. AUG. HEERBOTH. '!la~ Com -:ohannr , . 3ofj. 5, 7. lln±er ben @ldjrif±ftcHen, bie in ber neutcftamentlidjen ste);tfrHif am fjiiufigften befjanbeIt bJerben, befinbet fidj audj ba§ fogenannte Comma Iohanneum, 1 ZSofj. 5, 7. ;1)ie ~nfragen betrcIT£; ber ~utfjentie biefer @lteIle {auten oft um fo beforgter, aI§ biefe fidj eben in ber af±~ firdjIidjen epiftoHfdjen ~erifope fur Ouafimobogeniti finbet unb in unf ern lBilielau§gaben aIs steil be§ 5te);te§ gebntd't ift. 350 :Vas Comma Iohanneulll, 1 :;Sol). 5, 7. m5ie bct~iirt e0 fidj mit ber (l;djt~cit biefer @'Sterle'? m5ie foU bcmgemiit bie @'Sterfe in \jSrcbigtcn unb tm S1:'atedjBmu~unterridjt be~anbert ttJerbcn? ~n unferer 11nierfucl)Ung milfien ttJir un~ naturgcmiit auerft mit ben iiHeften griedjifdjcn ~JCanuffripten lJefdjiiftigcn. &;?icr mut fofort fonitatiert ttJerben, bat fidj ber mer~ ilber~aupt in feinem griedjifd)en IDCanuffript bor bem bierae~nten ~a~r~unbert finbet. 11nb nidjt nm: bas, jonbern bie @'Sterle ttJirb audj bon fcinem griedjifdjen Sl'irdjenbater aWed, ±r0l211cm bief e bon bet 3eit ber apoitoIifd]en miiter an bie ber" f djiebenen g:)ettJei~iprild]e bes ~euen ~eftameng regeImiitig anfil~ren, fonberIid] bie loci classici fitr bie {Sunbamen±anc~ren bei3 (i:~riften±Umi3. ~at biei3 bei unferer @Stelle fogat nid]± in ben ±rinitarifcl)en unb cl)rifto" Iogifdjen @'Streitigreiten ber erf±en ~aijrijunberte (~riani~mu~, @'SalJer" Iiani!3mui3) gef cl)eijen iit, miltte gcttJi13 g:)efremben erregen, ttJenn bie eMie fid] iuirUid] in irgenbcinem Stobe!; gefunben ijiiite. m5ie gut ijiit±e a, g:), ein ~tr)anafiU!3 ober etn ~reniiu~ bie @'Stelle berttJerten £onnen, ba fie mit gerabeau nieberfd]metternbet g:)ettJei~fraft ba~ 2ilgen" gClucDc ber 2IntHrini±arier aerffort ~ii±te I DlJglcidj alle moglidjen ~rgu" mente altfgcfii~rt lunben, olJgfcid] jebe )BcttJei~fte[[c ~erangeoogen 10itb, bie im ganaen i)celten ~ef±ament au ruben iit - biefe @Stelle luirb nidjt aWert. eie finbd fid] aud] in reiner illierfel2ung bor bem fedjften ~aijr" ~unbert. m5cr ronnie batum ~ier bie Q:\ettJei§haf± bes al'gumentum e silentio lJeifei±efe:f?en? m5ir ~aDen nun allerbing~ 11ri ad]e au fragen: lliS i e en if± an b b i e 5.3 e 1 u n g, un b ttJ e m i it fie DUD u f d] rei lJ en'? ~~ ~alJen niimHdj mancl)c ~ijeoro(JCl1, bie filr bie UrlprilngIid]feit unb (l;djifjeit ber @'Stelle ein±raien, gemeini, man ijabe, ttJenn nid]i in ben @'Sd]rif±en ber gried]ifd]en, 10 bod) in benen bet la±einifd]en ~ird]enbiiter eiellen, bie ars 3i±ate bon 1 ~oij. 5,7 angcfeijen ttJerben milBtcn. ~)(an benft balJd a. g:). an ~ertuman (t ca. 240) mit bet: @'Stelle: "Oonnexus Patris in Filio et Filii in Paracleto, tres efficit cohaerentes alterum ex altero; qui tres unum sunt, non unus, quomodo dictum est: Ego et Pater unum sumus." (Adversus Praxeam, cap. 25.);3)ie e±elle, um bie e~ fid] ijier ~anbelt, ift ~ofj. 10,30, ltnb ~ertuman fcIlJer fag± tm 3u" fammen~ang be~ SfapiteI§, baB fein ~rgument aUf bem (l;bangeIium ~ofjanni~ bcruijt. mm bid gro13erer 3nberficl)t lJeruf± man fid] aUf ~~lJrian (t 258), beffen lliSorie fo Iauten: "Dicit Dominus: Ego et Pater unum sumus, et iterum de Patre et Filio et Spiritu Sancto scriptum est: Et hi ires unum wnt." (De Unitaie Ecclesiae, cap. 5.) 21lJer ijier aeigt bet 3uiammenI)ang, bat (i:~prian iid] aUf m. 8 beaiefjt, unb attJar nad] feiner fpii±eren f~mlJo1ifd]en ~usregung, ttJonad] :n:vEVfta, v~we nnb a~ua mit ben brei \jSerionen ber ®ottijeit ibentifiaiert ttJurben. (mgt bie Scholia bon IDCattijai unb hie ~rfIiitlll1g be!3 {Sacunbu~ bon &;?ermiane im fed]f±en ~alirijunbet:±,) IDCan ijat ferner aUf lj3ijobabius OBifd]of bon ~ginnllm, naije g:)orbea1l6' t nad) 392) ijingettJiefen, ttJt) SECas Comma Iohanneum, 1 :;So~. 5, 7. 351 ,eine ®teIle fidj finbet: "Unum tam Deus, quia tres unum sunt." (Contra Arinnos, cap. 45.) .\;'lier ift bai3 BUat 3U rura, ali3 baB man jidj barauf fti'ttcn fonnie. 2rugul±in (Contra .Mn:rirnin., cap.22) unb <§udjeriUi3 (<§rabifdjof !:Jon E~oni3, t ca. 450, in Liber Form~d., cap. 11) be ute n bie ®teIle in lB. 8, ii~nndj roie ~lJPrian, aUf bie brci ~erfonen ber @o±i~eit, Tafen aber lB. 7 nidjt in i~rem ~e!;t. <§i3 farm Leidjt mogIiC£) fein, rote jeiJt !:Jielfadj angenomml'l1 luirb, baB (I ~ p ri a u i3 a rr ego ri f dj e Cf r n ii run 9 bei3 jetigen adjtcn lBerf ei3 ben 2r n r a B au e inc r <§ r 1D e it e run g b e i3 ~ e;t; t e i3 gab, unb aroar auf bem }lliege einer manbgLoffe, bie fpiiter o~ne lBe~ benfen in ben ::te!;t aufgl'l1ommen lDurbe. <§i3 finbet fief) nci:mHd) lJie ®ieIfe unter ben maef)folgern ~rii3cmiani3 (im ,~afjre 385 ilU 5rrier ljingeridjtet) in ®t1anien (!:JgI. Corpus SC1'iptorum Eccles. Latinorurn, 18,6), llub man ~at fiimtIidje ±rinitarifef)en <§rroeiterungeu fpanifdjer lBHierte!;te mit bicfer lBcroegung in Bufammen~ang gebradjt. WCin~ beftcni3 ebenfo roief)±ig fiit bie @efdjic~te ber ®teIfe aber ift ber @infIuB bei3 lBigiIiu§ !:Jon ~~apfUi3, lBerfaf1cri3 bei3 fat~oIifef)en lBdcnntniffei3 aUf ber S£)ii3putation !:Jon ~art~ago im ~afjre 484. S£)er ~affUi3 in bem lBeridjt !:Jon bern conventus generalis episcoporum catholicorum diversarum pl'ovinciarum Africae Ialltct bet ~J(anfi (7, 1149) fo: "B. Eugenii episcopi Cal'thaginensis :fidei catholicae ratio: Et ut adhuc Iuce elarius unius divinitatis esse cum Patre et Filio Spiritum Sanctum doceamus, Ioannis evangelista testimonio comprobatur; ait namque: Tres sunt, qui testimonium (perhibent) in coelo, Pater, Verbum et Spiritus Sanctus, et hi tres 1t11Um sunt." <§troa brei ~afjr~ fjul1berte lPiitcr finben roir bie ®±eUe in bem lateinifc1jen ~obc!: 111, bern fogenannteu Spec~~lum ober Liber de Scriptwis Divinis unier 2rugu~ ftini3 ~(amen, einer ®ammlung !:Jon ®teIfen aui3 bem WIten unb 9'leuen ;:reftameni mit aWateinifdjem 5re!;t (mom, adjtcB ut1b neun±eB ~afjr~ fjunbert); auef) finbet fie lid) in bem Codex Fuldcnsis, ber urfpriingHc1j 540-46 fiir 'Uifef)of lBiHor !:Jon ~ajJlw fjergefteUt lUllrbe, jett in ber Eanbci3bibIiot~ef au ITulba . .\;'liermit ift f ef)on angegebcn, roie bie urfpriingIic1je @loffe cin tn±egriereuber 'Uef±anbteiI bei3 lBllIgatntc!:tei3 rolll'bc, niimIief) bure!) ben <§inj1uB ber !:Jcrrneintrid) !:Jon 2ruguftin i\llfammengefteUten 5rc!:te be§ Speculum unb burdj bas 2rnfe~en fBiftori3 !:Jon ~apua. S£)aB man aber feine geroiffe ~e!;±grunbrage ~a±±e, 3eigte bie lBerfdjiebenfjeit ber ITaffun~ gen in !:Jerfdjiebenen lBuIga±arobi3ei3 born aef)ten fig 3um breiaefjnten ~afjr~unbert.BlDei fpunif li)e ~obi3ei3 aui3 bern acl)ten ~aljt~llnber±, ber Toletanus (naef) f einer ,\)edunft aU0 ~oIebo) 1mb ber Cavcnsis (naef) ber 2rbtei (Ia!:Ja bci ®alerno) Lauten, 1m tuef entlidjen gLeief)bebelt~ tenb, fo: "Quia tres sunt, qui testimonium dant [Tol.: ducunt] in terra: spiritus et aqua et sanguis; et hi tres unum sunt in Ohristo lesn. Et tres sunt, qui testimonium dicunt in caeIo: Pater, Verbum et Spiritus; et hi tres unum sunt." :;'5m Codex Oomplutensis (naef) 352 ~QS Comma Iohanueum, 1 :SD~. 5, 7. bem SHofter C£ompIuium in ®panicn, 9. :;Sa~r~.) [auiet bie ®telle: "Quia tres sunt, qui testimonium dant in terris; aqua, sanguis et caro [am manb: vel spiritus]; et tria haec unum sunt. Et tria sunt, quae testimonium dicunt in caelo: Patcr, Verbum et Spiritus; et haec tria unum sunt in Ohristo Iesu." ,;sm Oodex Legioncnsis (ber ®±if±§firdje ®t. ,;sfibor in 52eon gc~i:irig, bom ,;sa~re 960) ~at ber !Bers folgenbe '(Sorm: "Quia tres sunt, qui testimonium dant in terra: spiritus et aqua et sanguis; et tria haec unum sunt. Et tria sunt, qui [sic] testimonium dicunt in raelo: Pater, Verbum et Spiritus; et hi trcs unum sunt in Ohristo Iesu." CSnbIidj bidet bie miber bon ®t. !Baaft: "Quoniam tres sunt, qui testimonium dant in caelo, Pater, Verbum et Spiritus; et tres sunt, qui testimonium dant in terra: caro, sanguis et aqua; et hi tres in nobis unum sunt." SDie reai+>ierie 52cBart bel' !BuIgata: "Quoniam tres semt, qui testimonium dant in caelo: Pater, Verbum et Spiritus Sancius, et hi tres unum sunt; et tres sunt, qui testimonium dant in terra: spiritus et aqua et sanguis, et hi tres unum sunt" fam etft burdj bas fogenannte Exemplar Parisiense bes brei3e~nten .'0a~r~unb€t±§, ball aur :re!;±famUie ge~i:it±, bie bet mcscnfiol1 2Ul'uins foIgt, in ben 5l::'e!;± ~inein. SDurdj bas 2In~ fc~cn ber Unibcrfita± q5aris na~m biefer ,\l'obe!; im 5ffieitcn balb e1nc Ieitenbe ®±eIIung ein, llnb f cine 2Iufna~me bes Comma Iohanneum gab biefem bie allgemeine !Berbreitung unb bie enbgiUiige '(Sorm, nadj~ bem bie '(Saff llng bic] cs fSer; cs bis ba~in f d)juanfenb geroef en roar. (E~ frag± fidj nun rocHer: 5ffi 0 U 11 b ro ann f i 11 b e± f i dj II i e ® ± el rei n g ri e dj ii dj enS) a n b f dj t i ftc n ? ®enau genom~ men, in nul' fc~r fl,la±cn stobiiles, namIidj in ~'r. 629 (afte ~l1mmet 162), eincm gtiecliifcli~!ateinifdjen Oliobo in bel' !Baiifanifdjen mi6Iio~ ±'f)cf (14. u. io. ,;sa~l'~unbcr±), bel' fidj burdjrocg an ben 5te!;t bet !Bulgata ~iiIt, in ~(r. 61 (aIte ~ummet 34), bem 10genal1nten Oodex Britallllicus, jet± geroi:i'f)nIidj Montfortianus genannt (16. ,;sa'f)r'f)unber±), in bel' mibliot~ef bCB Trinity Oollege ilu SDublin, unb in ~r. 635 (17. ,;sa~r~unber±), eigentIidj nux manbgloffe eines ®eIefjr±en. )illie ~ef±re~SDobfcliii1~ bemetU, if± ber fogenannte Oodex Ravianus in medin, bet mandjmal aIB ,Beuge aufgcfilfjrt tDotben iit, eine 2lbfdjrif± bes 5tc!;te~ in bet Sfom1Jlu±enfifdjen 113oIqgloite, unb bie ftilfjer angegebene ~1ummer 173 iff ein codex rescriptus. (Es finb bcmnadj nur brei ,Beugen im ®tiedjifdjen, bon bencn fciner itgenblueIdje fIJebeutung ~at. Unb feIDft biefe brei ,Beugen ftimmen nidjt ilberein, ba fie brei berfdjiebene grie~ c'f)ifdje '(Saffungen bieien, ein fIJeroei§, bat e§ fidj um milcfilberfetungen aug ben berfdjiebenen Ia±einiidjen '(Saffungen ~anbert. SDicB fil~rt ung au ben e rit eng e b r u d' ± eng xi e dj if dj en 5t e!; ± c n bes ~leuen 5teftameng. ~.Manntridj ~a± bel' (Erilbifdjof bon 5tolebo '(Sranil .fimenes be 0:isneros bie S)erausgabe ber erf±en ~orq~ glotte mit griedjifdjcm 5te!;± in~ 5ffied gefet>± mit ,Bu~iIfena~me bon ®ele'f)den unb SDrucfern bel' Uniberfitiit 0:omplutum, unter benen fidj :[las Comma Iohanneum, 1 :;S{l~. 5, 7. 353 befonberi3 ~afoo 2010ea be @ltunica qcrbortat. :.Dcr SDrucf beB 91euen ~eftamen±i3, in bem @ltunica bie itberfelJung bei3 Oo=a Iohanneum beforgt qatte, inar nm 10. ~anllar 1514 beenbe±, abet bie 1Oa1Oftriclje ®eneqmigung 3um Q)crrallf bci3 2Berl'ei3 traf erft f eef)B ~aqre lpiiter ein, am 22. miira 1520, naef)bcm Iimenei3 fef)on am 8. ~)(obe1l1ber 1517 gef±orben roar. ::00 fam es, bat aroei 21ui3gaben bci3 ~ra0mifclJen grieef)ifef)en ~cltal11cn±i3 aUf ben ilJCarl't famen, eqe bie romplu±enfifef)e 5{SoliJglo±±e berl'auft roerben ronnie, namHef) bie bon 1516 (1 . .9]((-ir3) unb bie bon 1519 (bie bon 9rifoiauB ®erbeI abgebrucft 11111rbe unb iomit bai3 @;!emplar iDar, baB l!utqer bet feiner i't6erfetung beB 9rcuen ;;refta~ meng gebrauef)te). ~n biefen erf±en 21uflagen fanb ficf) bie @lterle 1 ~oq. 5,7 nief)t, rooqI aber in ber 21uBga6e bon 1522, unb aroar ttJeiI @;raB~ muB feinem ®egner @ltunica berf1Oroef)eu qaite, ben Q3erB aUfauneqmen, roenn er fid) in irgenbeinem grieef)if dlen Sfobe); fanbe. man roieB qin aUf ben Montfortianus, unb @;rai3tmtB gab nad), obgleief) er bie i'toer" aeugung qaitc, bat eB fief) in Diefer . ais SDrucrer an. S.lutlJet gibt (dun bie sanlage jeines mucf)es an: ,,:Drei i5tiide rom id) bar mief) nef)men in bieiem miicf)lcin. ~tftlic[) bie Un fern Illarnen mit '21n3eig1mg, luie gar nid)t oiein I5d)luatmergeift [.3llJingliJ auf mcine @riinbe ge< antroottet fJaoe. ,;gum anbetn bie I5prticlJe ganbeln, fo bon bem f)eiligen l5afta< ment lefJten. ,;gum britten befennen aIle ~htifel meines ®lauuens roibct biefe unb aUe an'oere neue n'e~erei, bamit fie nid)t bermaleinft ober nacf) mcinem stone tilf)men mocljten, bet S.lutlJet fJiitte es mit if)nen gefJalten, roie fie fcf)on in etlicljen I5tUcten getan gaben." G's ift cine umfangreid)e I5cljtift (545 ~aragrapgen); benn