Full Text for The Wilhelm Loehe-Neuendettelsau Influence in the Lutheran Church of Australia (Text)

THE SPRINGFIELDER December 1971 Volume 35, Number 3 The Wilhelm Loehe-Neuendettelsau Influence in the Lutheran Church of Australia 31-IX ~EHE, D.D. l'r-t~qicit.~rt, Thr Ltrthcrnn Church of -1ustralia F 1:0.\I F.11:-OFF ;4L-STEiILIA4 -11-c congratulate the Concorha Scl~ii~~nl-! of S~I-ingficld, Illinois. 1\-1licll is celebrating the 12 5 th .lnni\ c. t-.;,!r\- of its cstahlisl~mcnt : ;I long histor\- extending from Xcuc.nclc~tt~lw~i to Fort \\-ay~lc (Illcliana>. St. '~ouis (SIissouri) anti cntu*~llt. to Springticlcl (Illinois). It is our hop and prayer th.it Gntl. l\'fib has so richlv blcsscil this seminar!- from which quite ;L n~rnl11c.l- ~f ru~lcnts cnt&-c'cf thc ser\-ice of the Lutheran church in .\u>trLllia, iii;i\ also sct this seminar!- as a blessing to The Lutheran ~liu rc 11-3 li5x)Llr'i S\ nocl and other Luthcran churches. TI,c i~1c.t of ;i tmininq seminar: in Fort \\-avne \\as born in thr ~llirlcl of \\'illieir~l I-ochc of Scucildcttclsou in 1846, and of one of the 1nc.n \\.hc,nl J_ochc: sent to the Vnitecl States, I\-ilhclm Sil~lcr. \~ho hecnmc~ it3 first l'rcsidcnt. In 1847 I\-ilhelm Loehc handcd ox-er this priicticiil scblnin;ir\- as a gift to the thcn newlv-forn~cd 3Iissouri Synod. It is not c;kv for thc writer to take up the pen in completely i1npc.r50i1;11 fashion :~nd ct-nluatc thc influence of Loehe-Seuendet- t~lsa~l in rllc 1-uthcriln Church of ,4ustralia. The writer's father was \lorn ill Sc~~lcntlcttcIsnu and baptised bv 11-ilhelm Loehe; his great- c,.r:tnclt';itll~,l- hL,ing 3 brother of \j-ilheln; Loehe. The writer's grand- nlothcr \\-,is one, of the dcaconcsscs rr-ho trained in Seuerldcttelsau u~ltl~.r- \\'ilflcli11 1-ochc, and we havc her complete diary of her years of triiinin?. TLc \u-itcr's grandfather was a pastor of the Church in \\-ucrttc.mbcrg, ;L great admirer of \\-ilhelm Lochc and of C.F.\Y. \\'iilthcr, \\-ho scnt aII his daughters to the Christian Girls' School at 3cuc1lclcttclsii~~ (Gruencschule). -4s a twenty-year-old pastor, the it ritcr's father camc to iiustralia on t11e cornpl&ion of his studies in Scuc.nclt.tt~Is;lu in 1SS9. In 1921 he \t-as elected 11s the first President-Genml of thc the11 ncwlv-established United E\.angelical Lutllcriin Cllurch in rlustralia. In i 9 2 3 he was appointccl Director of Irnrl~antr~l College and Seminary, situated in Sorth ;idelaide, South :iustriilia; i1t that tinlc the only college and seminary of this 13articul3r church. l_zrtl~ernns rirril-e irr Atistrnlin ..iubtr~li,i was the last great continent to be discovered. Its actu~l history hcga11 with the landing of Captain Janles Cook at Botan! Ray, 011 the east coast of Australia on April 25, 1770. Here hc hoisted the British flag and proclaimed the Colony of Sen South \\hies. The populating of Australia by the white man began in 1738 ~~nder the auspices of Captain ~hhur Phillip who established Port Jackson as the centre, later developing into the city of S~dney. Apart from the settlers ~vho caliic to ;\ustraliii. tl~c'l-c: \I c.1-c niany convicts. After the llTar of Indcpcndc~icc ill the L-nitctl $t;iti.s, Great Britain was no longer able to transfer <.on\ icts ,111d i.ri~iii,ils to thc USA and found the newl?.-cstnblishctl colon\ OF hc)\i- South \\-ales and later also Tasnlania and Q~~censlancl ;IS C.~II\.C*II~C*IIL ~l~lilj~ilig places for these elements. Fifty !-cars later, in I83 5, thc fir5t f~ ~itllc~-~~i;~ ;ii.ri\, tx1 111 Australia, cspecialIy in South ~iustralia. TJie rcnson for ttii5 I\ as inscribed in 1888 on n tablet affixed to onc of tlic oIdCst I~.uthcrali cl~urd~es of Australia, Langnicil, Tanundn, South .lust ralia : "I11 order to preserve it jn thc memory of coining ~~~~~~iiti~~li~. hc' it herewith illade known that the first German Luthcrans, ~inJcr the leadership of their faithful pastor, August J.ud\\.j~ L;t\r.I, c*tiiigratcd to ,Australia ill 1638 b! reason of scrcrc ii pcs!.ciutiol~ in !> Prussia. The persecution of Lutherans iri l'rusia \\its ,t result of the establishment of a C'nion Church of 1'1cformctl ,111cl ILi111lcr;lns b!. King Friedrich ll'ilheh~ 111. Hc in troduccd an c'clic t, il~corpor~~tecl in thc new church book, conlyilcd by thc I<~IIS anti lljy spiritunl adrisers, containins the liturgy of the Holy Coln~llul~iur~ ill ~\lliclt everything of the Lutheran Confessions 11ad I~ccii cxcluclrd par- ticularly rn the Holy Conlinuniori scrviec. EI-cn though tllc .lgcnda found appro\-a1 bv the majority, yct rnani- Lutllcrans in Silcsia objected to this compromise and upheld tl;c Confcssiolls of tlicir Fathers, and their own Confessions, so that tl~c.!. coulcl not consent to celebrating thc Sacrament of the Altar t0gc.thc.r \\-it11 tIlc Jicformcd. After much persecution, arrangements \\-ere nlndc through thc gcncr- osity of 1Ir. George Fifc ,ingas of London, a conrjnccd Baptist, for finances to enable the first Lutherans to journc! to -1ustrnliri. Tllcy Iandcd in Port Adelaide, South Australia on Xovcmbcr LO, 1538, together with their pastor and leader, Pastor '1. I;a\-cl. Iiuntlrc~ds of the persecuted came to Australia, and ~iiul-c itnd more pcopIe from other parts of Gernlanv found their ho3iic in Sorrth :IustraIia. from ~vllere they spread into other States-17ictorin i111d KC\\ South Il'ales. From the 1850's onwards large numbers scttlcd in Queens- land. Pastors Were Neede~i Three )ears after Pastor A. Kavel arrired, l'astor G. Daniel Fritzsche, together with other persecutecl Lutherans, Iandecl at Port AdeIaidc in October 184 1. Two missionaries from thc Dresden Society, C. I\*. Schuermann and C. G. 'Teichelniann, rtrri~cd just before Kal-et and they \\-orked amongst aborigines in the Adelaide area. They were follon-ed br two others from the Dresden Society, S. G. Klose and H. .A. E. Mevh. In 1836 another group of missionaries from the Gossner 11ission Societv Berlin arril-ed in >loreton Bay, Queensland. Their task was to work amongst the aborigines. \\-hen this mission work failed, they served Lutherans it1 severaI ,Australian States. In order to supply the increasing number of Luthcrans arriving in $0~1 t I: .-\~lit r;!li;l \\ ith l~nstors, I'nstor Fritzschc set up his own st.lni~~;lr\ ;rlxi t~-ail~c~l a number of pastors. As in tlie USA, inmi- grant, \\~c.~-t: :irri~.iny 1>\ the hunclr~.cls and thousa~ids but the State ('IILI I:c.~Ic~, f ro~11 11.11 id1 'thcsc pco1)I~ cam, left thc.111 shcpherdless. 1 l?~ tul-~~illg poillt ~3111~ in IS62 \\.hen thc first pastor from thc Jlihsio~~ Scl~~iliitr!- of Bascl c;inlch to st.r\-c Lutheran congregations in Victorin and in otllrr Statcs. lllc action in calli~lq pastors from a L'llio~~ Scli~i~~;tr\ ~ucli ;IS Bas01 \\.as the causc of bitter contention for III'III\. \.c>3r5: Fro111 IS66 orir\-nrds there \\-as a stcadv flow of missio~?;r~-iis ;111e1 pastors from thc Hermannsburg Alission seminary, Hanno\ cr, Gcrmanv. The first wcrc sent by Pastor Theo Harnls to cstahlish n~i~sion stations amongst the aborigines. .\ neb\\ chapter in pastor-supl~ly 11cgan in 188 1 \\,hen the first pastor frrlln C011corc1i;i Sc~ninnr!. st Louis, USA, arrived. He was foilo\\.cci I,\- ;t ntimhCl- of other piistors from the St. Louis and Spring- ficltl sc~~~ih;~rit~s of the Slissouri Sl-nod, r\ number of the sons of \~~str;rliitt~s ;114o stl~died in thcsc t\vo seminaries. l'rio1- to 1bOO certaill luthcri~n pastors in Australia had rcad of l'fitrrer \L-ill~c,ln~ I.oc1ic of Seucndettelsau, hut the first pastor to come to .Instrali;i \vho had had co~itnct with Loehe was Pastor J. F. 3Ieisc.IicI. -1lthough hc had trainccl in the Basel Seminary and was a n~jssio~,;,r! 011 thc GoIcl Coast of Africa from 1846-1 850, C~~LICJII~~ tllc SLIS- pension was lifted and his attituclc \ indici~tctl. .ic.cc~rtli~l,q to Professor Hengstenbcrg, Pfnrrcr I_oohc: sl~oultl lollg >illcc have bee11 selected as a pastor of o11c of Sucr~~l)c.t.$'.; 1,iricl- cchclt.cl~es. \Are, ho~vever, cli~im that the Lostl. accostling to His \\ ill. \\ o~~ld not pcrmit him to bc cnlIcd to S~~crnhcr~ \titt~c,ut r~-;lson: nluch lnorc thc small villagc of Sc~icndc.ltcls;~~l \\ oulcl l)c just the right ccntrc from \vl~ich thc blcssinss of l ocllck's ministry \voulcl cstencl not onlv bcyoncl Sucl-11hcrg ;lilt1 13;1\ ;il.i,c. I~ilt far beyond thc seas. \la;- thc Lord God plc>rr\.i I'furrcr 1-rrchc, this apostle-like man,-far thc. I.utl~cr,jn Cllur-dl of (:;CSII~;III\ for many !-cars. 'These \\-ere prophetic I\-ords by Pastor \I. C;oc'tl~c~. t hc Lditor of this church paper. Little dicl he and othcrs, ~ilio ~~~~tloi~i~tr.cll\ read about Loehc in Gcrman papers and perhaps cic.11 .ir~lc.~-ic;tn c;llilrch pnpcrs, rcnlizc hon- tllcsc \I-orcls \vould be fulfillcc was to inrcstigatc thc possibility of acquiring pastors fron~ the. lission Seminar!-. The\- suhiuitted to Inspector Baucr tllc doctri~ial basis of their Slnod, i\'llich proved acccptablc to Scuciitlcttcl>i~~~. Ihc ap- proaches to Xcumdettelsau per lcttrr \\err suppor~cil ill 1 ST5 bv the personal representations of Pastor- H. Hcrlit~. T'sc~sitlcnt of ti~k E~~anfielical Lutheran Synod of l'ictorin, \~hicll ;it t11:lt tinlc \\;IS in organlc union with the In~manucl Synod. Hi. hat1 hccn insti-i~ctcd to "Segotiate \yith Seuendettclsau that in futurc \\-c illso ma\- he able to call regularly from ?,our seminary tl~c nc.ccss;r~-! l~;~stors for our Synod." The pcrso~~~il negotiations b!- P,?\tor Hc.rlit/ \\crc ~uc.c.c~~st'~11, as at the end of 1575 the first Sctic:ndcttcls:~rr pastor arrij-eel in Australia in the pcrson of Pastor I. \I. Stol~. \\'it11 I1i3 arriixl a steady stream of pastors ancl missionnrics fro111 Xcuc~lclcttcls;~~ began, so that from that time on forty-fi1.c l~astars. includinq scvcral missionaries, arrii-ed, mainly to sen-;the Irnrnnnuel S!nod bf Sonth Australia and l'ictoria and snbsecluently the Synotl in Quccnsln~~cl. llTitl~ then1 came thc rich heritage of l\'illielm I-ochc of Sciic.ntlct- telsau. The influencc of Xe'euendettclsau on Austrnli~ came i.ia \17nrt- burg Semirlnr!-, Dubucjuc, Iowa, where, prior to 1921, n number of sons of the Imnianuel Synod studied under Dr. 11. Iku, a graduate of Scuendettclsau and a classrnatc of Pastor J. P. I-Ghc. The Jlissionnry Inzynct of Sezte~ldettclsnu The missionary spirit llad alivays been r~livc in \I-ilhc11n Loehe and this n-as evident from thc fact that hc instructed the co~onjsts who went from Seuendettelsau to thc Saginan. lTallc\ to 110 ~i>i>rio~l \\0!.1i ii11101igst the Jlldians of thu USA. It was thc found- ing of ttlc 5ncict) far lnncr :III~ Forcign Alissions which ivas instru- mental in cuIti\atillg ;i missionarv spirit amongst ver\. manv people 2nd dso ;~l~ioi~g?;t tlic stutlcnts at thc XcucndctteIsau seminar\-. O11c of \\-ilhcln~ 1-ochc's n~ottos \\-as : "Alissions arc the Ch~~rcli in -lc.tic~il," 2nd this spirit 17crmcatcd thc lecturer and also the st~~tlcnt?; \\-]lo srthscq~~cntl!- entercd on ~nisssionary endeavours in Occiinia in;nl~ling t\\o ctablishcd aborigjnal fields and opeaing t11.o rlcn- ficlds. 111 I S 7 8 thc first missionar\- from Seuendettelsau arrii-ed in .lustrnlia. Hc \\as Johannes ~licrl; onc of the great missionarv figures of the. last ccnturv and \vhose mission activity is recorded in the ]listor!. of \.:~l-iolis niissions. He. Flierl, had been assigned for ~~ilt's ~ortli of .ldcl;iidc. Hcrc hc laboured amongst the Dieri Tribe I scriicc. in thc 13cthcsdn-Killall~aninna ,\lission in arid countr!., 480 for SC\.CII \cl;us ;incI r~ndcrtook thrcc journe!.s involving hundreds of mi1c.s into clcscrt 2nd sc~ni-dcsert arcas to seek illore aborigines of tht. Dicri ;~ncl othc.1- trihcs,-surely an c~idencc of his missionar!. sir. I-Ic 17ro\idcd ii book for thc Dieri Tribe so that the!- \vould hc ;iblc to rcacl Rihlc stories in the Old 311d KC\\- Testi~nlel~ts and Icarn tllcl I~!.riilis \\.llicll he hat1 translated. Hc erected the first church in IS8 1. 1. Flicrl left Bcthcsda in 1685. Hc. \\-as suc- cccdcrl h\ othcr missionnrics from Seuendcttclsau, particularly J. G. llcu th-cr. ( 1 S S 8) n.110, apart from his ~nissionary tasks. assisted in docu~ncnti~ig the Diclri language, customcs and tribal ccrcmonies, niatcri:il of niorc tli~in 2,000 pages; and C. F. T. Strehlo\\-, (1894). In 7891 thc. 1)ict-i St.\\- Testament, translated by Reuther and Streh- lo\\-, \\;IS puhlishc~d. thc first Xew Tcstalnent to be printed i11 an abor- iginal Iitnguagc. in Australia. (Sotc: Several Tears ago a copy was sold :it the hi%h pricc of S560 at a sale. in London.) The last Scuendet- tclsnu nlissionar\ to scr1.c amongst the Dieri \\-as \Ir. Ricclcl (1907- 19 14;. 111 19 1 7 this 3Iission was closed, due to continued drought, ~IccIintb in ~~ati\.e population and the inroads of white civilization. fn IS94 C:. F. T. Strchlow took over the aboriginal mission work of thc. Fillkc Ri1.c.r llission, centering on Hermannsburg, Cen- traI :l~~strnlin in thc swalIcd "Dead Heart" of thc continent. Streh- Iou.'s ministr\- amongst tllc ilranda 311d other tribes was outstanding, :ln~l his liter&\ i~chicr~c~nrnts, amongst tllelll the translation of the .\ra~ldil Xcn i'cstalncnt, and his anthropological \vorks, received high cornmcrirlation. (The Aranda Sew Testament joins the Dieri Kc\\- Tcstomcnt as the onlv ones published in Aboriginal Ianguases in st-1 :I numbc; of other Scuendettelsau missionaries joind Strchlon. in his tasks. Toda! tlic Finkc Ri\.er Alission is the largest and most famous of all aborigini~l lllissions in Australia. In 1 S 8 5 J. Flierl left the Bcthcsda-Killalpani~lna Jlissioi~ when it bccanlc Iinown that there were large populated areas in Gernlan Sen- Guinca. 011 his journer to Yew Guinca lle was detained for six months in the northern port of Coolito\vn (Queensland). He immediately began ~lzission work ;imongst tlic I\"kii~.l i111 it i i L- ~f-ribc, establishing the mission station kno\v~i ns Eli111 ;]l,;:L.t- Ho\jL, !..illcy). Flierr's successor from X'\;eue~~d~ttcls:~u ~t-;ts C;. IT. \rho l~boured in this hot and humid arc'l fronl 1 '. S - !i> 194 7. Other . . Seulrndcttelsau lllissionaries also l,~bourctl in tI1ih ~-~i%-i.-~!: \i!?ich tday is still expanding. In I SS7 thc small Immanucl S\.nocl of South .\ i!.: E-<:! !,; c;ijt.~lctl another aboriginal >fission, south of Cookto\\l~, l3l!;;!l'rlftclki, ~:i.!unt.d bp SeuendetteIsau and also Australian missjnn,~si~,h. It ht il l c%sists todrtv. In June 1836, J. Flier1 was permitted tu cilttb1- Kcit Guinea and -began the n-ork of the Scuendcttc.ls,~~c \li?>ii,in ~IL ic:, . .i Iris- sion which has expanded tremcndousI! . Thus, thc Immanuel Synod, n-hosc pastor, 11;!11 c!iliic' c \c Jusii c- I\* from Seuendettelsau, supyorttci fil-c n~i~sicr~i,, f:~~it- (rt tllcnl aboriginal, the other Lutheran Alissio:~ Xcn. GL~ i HC.I. IIIc. I'tttcr was directed fro111 Xcuc.r~dettcls;iu, I~ut thc Ij~l~i~,rl~i~cl iir~c;cl up- portcd it. \\-hen in 1921 the L'nitcd Evilnpelii.il ~-u~f;c.r;u~ Chrrrc-11 of .\ustralia was established, it took ,I Itatling pxt in >~l?t.tinirr< .tnd supporting the mission in Scv- Guinea, whicll fi,~:I ~.xpcrit.nccd difficult periods during the first uorlit war. Fron: 192 1 rillti[ 19-15 1 the Director of Lutheran JIission Tc.\\- Guinea n-.t> Jlr. F. 0. I f;cile, also n Xeucndettelsau graduate. During the first world war [he lo\\-;t Sinotl, ~5t:ihliJl~ti h!. IVilhelm Loche, canlc to thc aid of ~~uc'nitcttclsau. ;i5 (7i:i thc UELCA; and froni that tirno the L-ELC.3, tIlc Io\f-.i S\ noel ,~rld 1.itcr the American Lutheran Church, and ScucntIcttcI>,~u \I crc p.irtncrs in thc mission 1-cnturc in Sen- Gninc;i, 1:itc.r thc T~~,ingcIit.iI Lutheran Church of Australia and Thc I-rrthvran Cl~nicl~-->Ii~~ouri S~nod I\ ere ini.ited to participate in this rl~issiorl cndc.i\ c~~II-. .: \otc : For a rrlore detailect account of the _\fission in Xcn- Giii~lc,i ton.suIt the threc volumed work bv Dr. G. Pilhofcr: "Sc\cnti-Fi~c >-cart; of Scu~~rldettrlsau in Yew duincap which gives *rhulld;;nt ci iclcncc of 'r the great blessings of God which ha\-c heen sprcarl in Kc\<- GLI~IIL.;~. ,> Thc spirit 15.hich motivated the rnissio~laries nncl p;i>turs i~flo c;rn~e to .AustmIi,i from Xeuendettclsau has hat1 ;1 111011 ~1111~11 t,~l in HLIC'II~C'. The!- .rssurnc.d Icadcrship in c.ducaticn, in rncdicnl ~vol-k ;,net in the pro~i~~~tior~ of 3nthropoIogical matt.ri~11, n-hcthcr in -1ustralin or in Xew Guinea. Their wonderful pastoral and missionnr\. tr~~ining, coupIed 11-ith their dedication. was a1n.ar.s in evidcncc.. TI~C lczacy of ll'ilhcln~ Loehe and Seuendettelsau h;is remainccl in tllc 1-uth;ran Church in ilustralia to the present tinlc. Pastors and n~issionarjes who came to -4ustr,llia itnd Ten- Guirlen were traincd by men who uorked together nith 11-jlhclm Loehe and under Iiis gwidance. They understood LoeIlc and suy- ported him in the controversies within the B~I-aria11 ]-an deskirche- They realized that indifference to biblical truth and the Confessions of the Church auld sound the death-knell of the Luthcrarl Church. \\'iltlc.l~?l 1 (!L>I~C Ii.~il for\\-ardccl one pctitiori after the other to the Ge~~er;~i 5!11(;(1 of tlle Jja\.arian Church. At the same time he had conscicllticit~i ic.i.~tl~lcs ;;~ntl struggles 11-hcthcr he should remain in t hilt c IILII-c-11. I hi,^ t.tl-i~y~lcs contill~ctl for 111;111? !.e;lrs despite the firet tlllrt Ili. i'ric~llls in thc Brcslau Frcc Church and theological 1~~~fc't.hi)l3 of I _rl;i~igt$ll r~nct othcl- friends act\ iscd him to remain \titIlill ~llc ~li~tl.cll. PIIC~. clnimetl that his Lvitness for biblical truth mil tllc cont'c5sio11~ \\oulcl rccci\.c God's blessings. Oncc he stepped I)c!orltl tllc l~iilt. of the J_anclcskirchc. his influence \\-ould be corn- pas;iti\ cl\. ~~itlliiiccl. His struggles conccrncd the folloii-ing matters: '111~. l~i~~ljin~ ~l'lturc of thc Luthcran Confessions for the pastors, not rlit;\tc.nils, t,ut cjuia: not onl!. dc jurc but dc facto; the Abendmahls- nlc~lc_gerci ; ~l~~iorlisnl'; :~t the altar b\ I~cforrned and Lutheran corn- 1nunicant5; tllc co~~lposition of thc ~fnocl of Bavaria where Lutherans ;~nd i:cforrilc~l 11;ld t.oting riallts; tllc lacli of discipline in the church; tllc 1;li.k of i,il~lic;rl .mtl co~~fclrsional content of the liturgy, the h~mn bc~ol; anrl thc \~c)nclit. As a rtsult, 311 the students at the seminar\- ill \ cilcnLlctt~.!~~i~~ \\.ere stecpcd in thc richness of biblical truth and of tllt~ C'ori tcwio~ls of thc C'hul-ch. Ihis ~o~rntl, theological basis provided also by ri thorough groitllcling in the biblical ancl classical language, to n-hich must bc ittltlctl the- 5~11111~1 p;litoral training that the students received, pro\.eIlil> r\-,i> aIi\.ij\.s prctIominant, thcv brought n.ith thcnl Lothe's .lgcncla, \\liich \\;IS ;I-jclel\- ~rsed, as illso his der.otiorlrt1 literature. Jlul-ing the t.\ llodical c,onti-ovcrises of the 1880's and onwards the Xcuc.ntlcttclt.~~i~-trilincd pastors took a lcadi~lg part in the debates. \\-hen thc. L-nitcd Evangelical Lutheran Church in 1921 tlccjtlccl to fitablisfi seminary the t\\-o appointed lecturers ivere I)ilstors froin Sc~~cndc.ttelsau, Pastor 1. P. Loehe and It-. RieJel, the former bcin: tllc, I'rincipal of thc Seminary and of the College for 77 \c;irs. Hi3 s~~cccssor, a son of n ~eucndettelsau pastor, was Dr. S. 1'. Hcb;trt, noted for his lnoilumental ~vorli: "\Vilhelm Loehe's 1-chrc \.on tIer Kirchc, ihrem Aint und Regiment." UnfortunateIy, the llopcs of m;rn! of the pastors from Seuendettelsau to establish a cleaconess institution in Australia were never realized. One thing \\-llich motivated pastors and missionaries was the motto which 1i.ilhcIm Loehe gave to his deaconesses and the motto \vllich pcrmcatcd the students at the seminary: "What do I want? I ~rnat to scrrc. \Yhom \rill 1 ser~el The Lord in His poor and neglected creatures. Ancl ~~hat is m! re\\ r~rd' 1 sur\c ~lcitl~cr for reivard nor thanks, hut out of love. \I\. rt.\\,l~rl iq thnt I ]?la\ scrvc. And if I perish thereby: Yet I perish, I l>cri