QTnurnr~ta: m4tnlngual :!InutlJly COl1tiDl1il1g LEHRE UND ~EHRE MAGAZIN PUER Ev.-LuTH. HOMILETIK THEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY-THEOLOGICAL MONTHLY Vol. IX September, 1938 No.9 CONTENTS Pale Mastering the Technique of Sel'DlOn Building. E. J. Friedrich ______ 641 Kleine Danielstudien. L. Fuel'brlngel' . ___ . _________________ .___________________________ 648 Erasmus on Luther. Wm. Dallmann ______ _ _____ . _______________________________ _ 660 That Review of Pastor Goel'ss's Book in the "Lutheran" Martin Sommer _. ___ __ _____________________ __ ._ 674 Sermon Study on Jas.5:13-20. Th. Laetsch _______________________ 678 Miscellanea ____ __ _______ __ __ _ ____ .___ _ __ _ ______________ . ________ .. _. _ 896 Theological Observer. - Kirchlich-Zeilgeschichtliches ______ ... ________ 703 Book Review. - Literatur _ . . __ . Eln Predlger mWIII nlcht alleln wei- den, also dass er die Schafe unter- weise. wte ale rechte ChrWen 6011en .eln. Bondern 8uch daneben den Woel- fen wehren. dais sie die Schafe nlcht angreUen und mit falscher Lehre ver- fuehren und Irrtum elnfuehren. Lu ther _ . ___ __ .--____________ . _____ 713 Es tst keln Ding. das die Leute mehr bel del' Klrche behaelt denn die gut e Predl&t. - Apo/o~. A rt. 24 . If the trumpet give an uncertain sound who shall prepare h1mH1f to the battle? -1 Cor. 14. B. Published for the Ev. Lutb. Synod of Missouri, Ohio, and Other States CONCOBDIA PUBLISHING BOUSE, St. LoWs, Mo. Book Review - mteratUt 713 Book Re .. .. ~w - 2iteramr Thirty Psalmists. By Fleming James. G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York. 261 pages, 5lhxSlh. Price, $2.75. When Hermann Gunkel died a few years ago, his Einleitung in die Psalmen was left unfinished and was later completed by his friend Joachim Begrich. An essential feature of this Introduction, however, had been definitely established by Gunkel many years before his death. We refer to his division of the Psalter into classes, or types (Gattungen). Gunkel maintained that the Psalms were written to be sung ritualistically in connection with various acts of worship. He thus divides the Psalter into these groups, which we offer in their original terminology: 1. Die Hymnen; 2. Lieder von Jahwes Thronbesteigung; 3. Die Klagelieder des Volkes; 4. Koenigspsalmen; 5. Die Klagelieder des einzelnen; 6. Dank- sagung des einzelnen; 7. Kleinere Gattungen; S. Prophetische Psalmen; 9. Weisheitspoesie. The individual psalms in the collection of 150 are then put into the pigeonholes of these categories, and each psalm is divided according to a formula that emphasizes introduction, body, and conclusion. All this sounds abstract enough, for every question of classification is in itself an abstract conception; yet in the present volume the author, who admits that he has "made no independent research into the field" and "will content himself with passing on what Gunkel has to say," endeavors to use this system to study the personalities of the authors of individual psalms. Hence he has selected thirty psalmists, classified them according to Gunkel's Gattungen, and has discussed deductively their personalities. The first psalm treated in this way is Ps. 8, which is classified as one of the "hymns in general." Now, the Massoretic Text ascribes this psalm to David, but Professor James, who teaches the Literature and Interpretation of the Old Testament at Berkeley Divinity School in conjunction with liberal interpreters of the Scriptures, has set this aside. The author is not David, but some uncommon man, moved by a moonlit sky. Because he uses the plural, the author of Ps.8 "feels himself on'! with his brethren." Because he uses the second person in speaking to God rather than the third person in speaking of God, he is an unusual psalmist. He thinks for himself, this writer, who speaks of strength from the mouth of little children. Perhaps, Professor James concludes, the psalmist may be thinking of his own sleeping son whom he passed on his way out into the moonlight. The contemplation of the heavens awakens in him a feeling of man's insignificance; yet when he looks from sky to earth, he beholds man's unique power. Thus he is a humanist, since to him man is a little short of God. On the other hand, he is not a humanist, since he does not understand the significance of man's value. For these cumulative reasons the anonymous author of Ps. 8 is "a man of profound insight and great freshness of thought." Only one passing parenthetical clause refers to the quotation of the Eighth Psalm in Heb. 714 Book Review - £itetatut 2: 8, 9. Consequently the direct fulfilment of this psalm in Christ, the Savior, is not only side-tracked, but deliberately contradicted. In twenty-nine other instances and in much the same higher-critical procedure the writer discusses other "authors" of the psalms and re- peatedly the procedure is identical: the Davidic authorship is denied, the Messianic interpretation repudiated. A question which forces itself upon the reader immediately is this: What has Gunkel's theory to do with these personality sketches? As far as we have been able to ascertain, the writer simply accepts Gunke1's classification for the grouping of the psalms which he discusses. It is only occasionally that reference is made to the deeper issues involved in Gunkel's theses. The extent to which negative criticism has been directed against the Messianic interpretation is clearly illustrated in the discussion of Ps. 16, our Savior's great resurrection psalm. The closing verses of this psalm are twice quoted in the New Testament and consciously, delib- erately, referred to Christ. Yet Professor James coolly asserts: "The Messianic part of this interpretation is accepted by no Protestant scholar of the present era." This attitude becomes the more significant when we realize that the material in this book was originally offered as the Bohlem Lectures for 1936 and that the author was chosen for this lecture- ship by the rector, the churchwarden, and the vestrymen of the (Epis- copal) Church of the Holy Trinity in Philadelphia. W. A. MAIER A Conservative Introduction to the New Testament. By Samuel A. Cart- ledge, A. M., B. D., Ph. D., Professor of New Testament Literature and Exegesis, Columbia Theological Seminary, Decatur, Ga. Zon- dervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids, Mich. 198 pages, 5X7%. Price, $1.50. This book is what the title indicates, a conservative treatment of the isagogical material having to do with the New Testament. In the first place, a general introduction is submitted in which these topics are dis- cussed: Principles of Interpretation; The Transmission of the Greek Text; The Canon of the New Testament; The Language of the New Testament; Pagan Religions in the Roman Empire. In the second part, which has the caption "Special Introduction," the individual books are studied, beginning with the synoptic gospels. There is inserted a valu- able chapter on "The Life of Christ." The book is a really worth-while production, and we should like to recommend it to our pastors. In a day when continually books on Introduction are appearing that deny the divine character of our Bible, it is a matter for gratitude to see an isagogical work issued which does not hesitate to champion the inspira- tion of the Scriptures and the deity of Christ. It has its weaknesses, the chief one being that the author does not insist on acceptance of the infallibility of the Scriptures. He says (p.191): "Many Conservatives believe in verbal inerrancy. They may be entirely correct, though many Conservatives do not believe in it. All Conservatives should realize that a belief in verbal inerrancy is not essential to a high view of inspiration." How he can hold that belief in verbal inspiration does not imply belief in the inerrancy of the Scriptures (cf. p.193) is beyond us. Certainly it Book Review - £itetatut 715 means that the term is employed by him differently from the way in which it has been used in the past. While the introduction, both in its general section and in its treatment of the various books, is not so extensive and detailed as the works of Zahn and Moffatt, it is complete enough for ordinary purposes, and every pastor and Bible teacher will find that most of the questions which arise in his mind with respect to the origin of the books of the New Testament are here touched on. Naturally there are a number of historical details where one is inclined to disagree with the author, but that does not detract from the value of the work. The brief chronological table given in Appendix 1 has been worked out with great care and in its chief features has this reviewer's approval. W. ARNDT Christian Workers' Commentary. By James M. Gray, D. D. 447 pages, 6X8%. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. Price, $3.00. This is a commentary on the whole Bible. The author, the we1l- known dean of the Moody Bible Institute of Chicago, is a staunch de- fender of the verbal inspiration of the Bible, of Christ's deity, and of His vicarious atonement. Yet this commentary to a great extent nullifies his many testimonies to these fundamental doctrines of Christianity by the frequent instances of typical interpretations where not God but man's fancy speaks and which tend to undermine the absolute authority of, and one's veneration for, God's Word. He makes some far-going con- cessions to modern science. On Gen. 1: 1 he writes: "Should science ulti- mately determine on millions of years as the period of the creation, there is nothing in this verse of the Bible it would contradict." (P.ll.) Did not God say that He created the world in six days? Why not accept His Word? But the gravest charge to be raised against this commentary is the millennialistic character of its interpretation which pervades the book to such an extent that it could very properly be called a dispensationalist workers' commentary. Already in the historical books the author finds opportunities to inject the millennialistic interpretation. In his comments on Gen. 3: 14, 15 the author compares with this passage Is. 65: 25 "and notices that even in the millennium, when the curse is removed from all other cattle, it will still remain on the serpent." (P.15.) In connec- tion with Abraham's call, Gen. 12: 1-9, we read: "So closely is Jehovah's purpose of redemption associated with the land as well as the people of Israel that, when they are separated from it, as we shall see, they are separated from Him, and the lapse of time in their history is not con- sidered until they are returned to their land again. In a word, they can never dwell elsewhere and be His people or fulfil their calling." (Pp. 23, 24.) After the story of Joseph we read: "Typical and dispensa- tional aspects of Joseph's history." And under Point 6 we are told: "Now comes the time of famine, which speaks of the period at the end of this age, a literal seven years as indicated by Dan. 9, when the Church shall have been translated to meet her Lord in the air and Israel will be preparing through trial to recognize and receive her rejected Lord." (P. 40.) Deut. 28-30 speaks chiefly of the trials coming upon Israel in the days preceding the millennium and its restoration to the land of 716 Book Review - mteratur Israel, its conversion and prosperity during the millennium. Through- out the historical books similar references to the millennium are forced upon the text. Ps. 2: 9, 10, 24 is interpreted in the chiliastic sense, and on page 222 we read the note that beginning with Ps. 25 "the more difficult psalms, some of the more popular and those distinctively Messianic and millennialistic, may be treated more at length, but others must be passed over." He finds millennialistic prophecies or references in Pss. 40, 45-47, 72,93-100,102,147-150. And in the "Introduction to the Prophetic Scrip- tures" we read: ''Written prophecy therefore had a twofold mission, one for the im- mediate present and the other for the remote future. The written mes- sages revolve around three points: (1) the temporal and spiritual bless- ings which God would give Israel and Judah if faithful; (2) the judg- ments that would fall upon them if unfaithful; (3) the renewed grace to them when they should become penitent. "There is variety in the detail with which the prophets write, but their points of agreement are as follows: (1) A day of retribution is coming on Judah and Israel, the end of which will bring repentance and prepare the way for the Messianic kingdom. While these judgments will affect Israel and Judah chiefly, yet they will fall also on the Gentile nations of the whole earth. (2) The tribes of Israel and Judah will be regathered to their own land, and a remnant purified by discipline will form the nucleus of the restored nation, where God will again dwell in temporal and spiritual blessing. (3) This restored nation will be the germ of the Messianic kingdom extending over the whole earth. "As His own chosen nation, through whom He will reveal Himself to the nations the Jews hold through all time an official position and have a sacred character, and in the day of their restoration and of the judg- ment of the nations the great question will be, How far have the other nations regarded them as His people and so treated them?" (P.239.) Question: Does not Christ say that the great question on that Day will be, Have you accepted Me as your Savior? Lack of space forbids our quoting even a few of the references to dispensationalism which the author discovers in the New Testament. We ask our readers to warn against this commentary. It is a dangerous book. TH. LAETSCH A Brief Life of St. Paul. With a chart and six maps. By Benjamin L. Olmstead, Litt. D., editor of Arnold's Practical Commentary. Light and Life Press, Winona Lake, Ind. 80 pages, 4%X6%. Price, 35 cts. This is an excellent little manual on the life of the greatest of the apostles. Since the print is small, there is more contained in this booklet than the mere mention of the number of pages would lead one to assume. The presentation is admirably compact, avoiding what is superfluous, but including, generally speaking, what is essential and illuminating. The book is "intended as a reference and study book for Sunday-school teachers and for any who are interested in the life of Paul, but espe- cially as a text for service-training courses." Besides the characteristics mentioned, the careful division of the material into chapters with proper captions and the questions which are appended at the end of every larger section tend to make the work helpful and valuable. From the point of view of scholarship the production is quite satisfactory. Evi- dently the author engaged in extensive studies before he began to write. Now and then this reviewer did not agree with the author's chronology Book Review - £litetatut 717 or the sequence which he assigned to the Pauline epistles. One notes with joy that the doctrine of justification by faith is mentioned several times. The author does not say whether to him the Bible is the inerrant Word of God. As far as we can see, he does not question the correctness of any statement of Scripture. The work evidently is conceived as a historical and not as a doctrinal study. W. ARNDT S)ie Dffenbarung Qjotte~. ~on D. irdebtic(J 18iic(Jfel, ~!ofeffot bet :t~eolo9ie in ffioftoct. medag bon ('£.18ettelsmunn, @iltetslo~. 1938. 131 6citen 6X9. ~reis: ~ut±oniert, RM.3.60; Ilebunnen: RM.5. D. lBilcf)fel luill nicf)t!l babon luiffen, ball bie ef)tiftltc(Je ®ottesedenntnis unb bie stf)cologie au§fcf)lieflHd) unb aUein aus belt! ®ott bet ,\'JeHigen 6c(Jrift fliett. ~r erWirt: ,,'Vie Offenbarung @ottes aUf fein 'IBort 3U befd)ttinfen, ift fUlfef) unn ctgibt leicf)t eine bogmatiftifc(Je ~ettnoef)etung bell DffenootunMgenanfens, bie ball ®Ott @ottes fc(JlieBIicf) in dne 2e~te betluanbelt unb bie ~utOtittit bes !!Bottes (!Iottes nic!)t ausreief)enb oegtUnben fann." (6.3.) "'Viefer mOtgang bet 6ef)tift< luerbung nes ®odes @otteil ift an jief) lueber au oebaueru nod} au betuttetlen, abet bie @efa~ren, bie et aUt i}olge ~atte, jinb auoetannt." (6. 67. 62.) 'Viefer @efa~r bel' bogmatifc(Jen ~erfniid)erUnll, bet ircftfetunll cinct feften, Ileluijfen £le!)te, aUf bet man befte~en mull, funn einigermaflen burd) Illbluetfung bet ~etbal< infvitation gelue~rt wetben. D. 18i1ef)fel bebauett es, l>af! "bie £le~re· bon bet metbarinflJiration, bas ~eiut, bie ~e~auvtung .~ie 6~tift ftammt nicfJt nut i~tem @e~alt, fonbern aucf), unb getabe, i~tem ®ottrautc nuef) aus bem ®eifte @ottes" aufgdommm ift. /I~ein, bie :;snfviralion ift ~ntfacf)un\J bet menfef)ridJen 6eIbftttitigfeit, fo buB jie, an @ott ~inllegeben, aUt 2eiftun\JiJfti~igfeit in jeinellt 'Vienfte gelan\lt. 'Vie ~voftel unD i~te 6~iilet ~aben auef) al~ 18qeuget bet Offcnoarung @ottes nic!)t dufad) C1ufgel)ort, fe~{fame ~enfdJen 3U fein. :;StdUmet finl> bei i~nen nief)t dulac!) aUiJgefcfJloffcn. ~ie roerben bon uns 3Uteef)tgefteUt. 'Vet @eballfe bet :;SnflJitatlon bOll ®otten mUf! aufgegeben wet ben. :;Snfvitiett fin'o bie ~etfonen.l' (6. 112 ff.) Unb Diefe bom ,\'JeiHllen @eift inf\litletten lfSet< fonen ntitffw rs ficfJ gcfarren laffen, ball ~etfoncn, bic nicf)t bom SJdfigcn @eift infvitiert flnb, an i~nen ~tttif ilben. ,,'Vet l)iftotlfcfJ @efef)ulte witb bie ftbedie~ fetung ber @emeinDc nief)t 0~1tC ~tim lefen. ~t witb in ben ~bangelien llu< ftimmigfeiten, uniubetliifflgc lBetief)tc, Iegenbarc 6tiicte unb u~nlidJes me!)t fcft< ftellen. IXt witb bie @ten3en beffen, lous wit loitUic(J be3ie~ung~weifc ficfJer tibet il)n IlJiffen,f)etaUSUtbeiten." (6.77.) Unb was l)at nun bet lRoftoctet ~tofelfor aus bem ~etid)t bet "infjJitietten ~etfonen· 11dreffs 'oes ®edes unb bet ~etfon :;S~fu getuusgcarueitet? ftlJel; bie ftellberttetcnbe @enugtuung (Jat et nid)ts gc< funben. ®as et gefunben ~at, ift biefes: ":;S~fus mujite aUt ftbctwiubunll bet ~ietin [bail fanatifcf)e ~aef)t(Jabet ben motm (!Iottes betfolgten bill aUt :totung unter Dualen J etfef)einenben ~enfd)~dgfUnbc bie :tiefe bes @ottesgel)otfams botlebCJt unb bodeil>en linD fo fein ljeHiges, in bet boUen @ottesfinbfcfJaft fte~cn< bes 6elbft teftloiJ in Den 'Vienft @ottes unb bet ~enfc!)(Jeit ftellClt, bas !)eit!, aliJ ,£liifegelb fUt bie bielen' an @ott ~ingeben.· (6. 106.) ftber bie ~erfon :;S~fu whb untet anl>erm bies gefagt: ,,':Das ®icfJtigite ift, l>U]l bas mer~iiltni~ bell 6o~nes sum mater butef)auiJ verfiinlic(J ift, fo baf! bie ~otfteUung bon etner bdben gemeinfulttelt gilttlicfJen ~atur ober ebenfolc(Jen ~igenfcf)aften nut metwitrung antid)tet." (6. 103.) :t~. I;i n gel bet 718 Book Review - 13itetatut Lectures on the Religious Thought of Soeren Kierkegaard. By Eduard Geismar, professor of theology at the University of Copenhagen. Introduction by David Swenson, professor of philosophy at the University of Minnesota. Augsburg Publishing House, Minneapolis. 49 and 97 pages, 81hx51h. Price, $2.00. There are many points of similarity between the Barthian "theology of crisis" and Kierkegaard's "dialectic theology." As the Barthian school is attacking the subjectivism of liberal theology and the divine-imma- nence theory of Modernism by emphasizing the absolute difference be- tween God and man, so Kierkegaard, a century earlier, attacked the Hegelian principle of "thesis, antithesis, synthesis," which seemingly had stifled the spiritual life of the Danish Church and which in Kierkegaard's opinion had been advocated by Bishops Mynster and Martensen. The phenomenal rise of Barthianism has awakened a wide-spread interest in the philosophy and theology of Kierkegaard, who during his short life (1813-1855) had created so much furor in Denmark and from whom Barth and his followers have received much of their inspiration. While the German theological world has access to a large number of studies on Kierkegaard, notably those of Walter Ruttenbeck and Emil Hirsch, relatively little material is available in English. Dr. Swenson has ren- dered the American theological world a valuable service in publishing Dr. Geismar's five lectures on Kierkegaard, delivered at Princeton Theo- logical Seminary in 1936, and by a lengthy preface on Kierkegaard's "Unique power in bringing home a moral challenge" has made the present study a fine introductory volume to Kierkegaard's religio-philosophical thinking. - Of course, the reading is not easy, which is due largely to the brevity and sketchiness unavoidable in a series of lectures on such a difficult subject. But Dr. Geismar has succeeded well in giving the reader an insight into the pessimistic, desperately lonely, and melan- choly mind of Kierkegaard, which seems to border on a manic-depressive psychosis. By tracing the life of Denmark's great philosopher (especially the "curse" resting upon his father and the unfortunate and unwarranted love affair with Regine Olsen), Dr. Geismar introduces the reader to Kierkegaard's Socratean method and especially to his concept of ethics, which may be denominated "existential individualism." This is typical of the lonely man who believes that the "moment of crisis" must be faced alone and that one dare not be influenced in his self-analysis by the relative mores adopted by society. Dr. Geismar clearly points out that Kierkegaard emphasized the qualitative and absolute difference be- tween God and man and that man's way to God and to Christianity goes through a crucial decision, through humiliation and suffering. The last two chapters deal with Kierkegaard's concept of Christianity and with his bitter attack upon the Danish State Church. F. E. MAYER ~ie (£ljriftu~liotfdiaft. ~tebigten bon ~bolf ,reiibetle, ~tofeffot unb ~oftOt bet :tljeologie. ~iitffnng & trtanfe, 13etl>3ig. 150 6eiten. ~tei~, fationieti: M.4.50. !llia~ un~ btfonbets betm 13efen btefet ~tebtgten auffier, if! bte~, bali bie 13eljte bon bet satisfactio vicaria nidit Uat 3um ~usbtud fommt. ~UerbtngS Book Review - \lite'CltUt 719 jagt bet metfaffet an 1m dnen obet anbern 6teUe, "Clll (flJtiftus bet !!Belt 6unbe getragen 1)at, 6.8; boel) meiftens rebet ex niel)t fo Uat. 60 fagt er a.lB. in feiuet .Rarfrettags~tebigt: "Um Me \laft ber !!Beftfel)ulb iU De3C(1)!en, um bie lJJ1ad)t. 1)cttfdjClft ber 5'infterniS 3U lireel)en, bCl3U ruar me1)x not, ba3u liebutftc es cinet befferen l8qCllJlung ag 6HOet unb ®olb. SDCl3U !Jat fidj <£1)tiftus fefbft einfeten miiffen mit bet Sjingave feines \leibes unb l81utes. !!Bie dn unfcf)ulbiges \lClmm, frei bon \}lecfen unb 6iinben, ift ex biefen ~obesrueg ftill, gebulbig unb ge. lJorfClm gegangcn unb !Jat burcf) bie unfagliare ffi:ein!Jeit [cines £'lNers uns 1)eraus. getlffen ClUS bet 6dju!tl unb .\l:neel)tfd:)aft bet 6itntle." (6. 137.) IJJ1ClnfrClgt fidj, ob ber merfaffer mit ben !!Botten, "burcf) bie unfagoClte ffi:einlJett feines £'l~fftSlI bie fteUbertxetcnbe @enugtuung Bum I!!usbtucf Dtingen roil( obet ntd)t. Grin an. beres l8eif~ie!: "l8efte1)t abet nael) bet ftbergeugung bet l8ioeI bas !!Befen bet 6itnbe in bet ic!Jfitcljtigen ~rlifonbetung bom !JHid)ftcu, bann {Clnn bas !!Befen ber ~doiung itberl)au~t in gClr nicljts anberem beftelJen, crIs ball ®oti Dicfe .8et. ttemmng itbetminbet unb uns tntener 3ufammenbringt iU einet l8tuberfcljClft, iU dner @emeinfci)crft bet SjeHigcu uub @Hiu6igen, iU einem ®ottesboU, BU einem (f1)riftusbolf. SDa3u ift :;5Grfus aUf Grtben gefommen, ba3U !Jat er fein \leoen auf· geo~fert, ball tvit cine gro\Je ®emdnbe bet merfBf)nten totirben, bie mit @ott unO unteteinanber toiener \}tieben ljaoen." (6. 96.) £'lber: lI®ott 1)at in :;5~full [!Jrifht~ bie 6cljulb bet lJJ1enfel)ljcit nicljt nut bi§ gum l)'fu\Jerften aufgebecft unb getid)M. @ott £jat ltn~ in :;5(2'fus [f)riftus, in fetnet ®eo\!tt, in fcinem 6teiven unb I!!uferfteljen, e1n itocrttlii!tigcnbes, gejcljicljtIiclj beficgeIies .8eugnts unb Unter· jJfanb jeiner gren3enlos erliarmenben \liebc gefcljenU. :8iefe \lieoe itt fo grot, ball ell feine 6d)ulo ber !!Belt gibt, bie in biefem lJJ1eer nicljt lonnte berfenft roerben." (6.28.29.) @emiji flnoet man fonft in ben ~tebt\lten mand)e 6el)tifb Iv(1)t1)citcn fel)Bn oClrgclegt, boclj barf mCln bas niel)t unoetont [Clffeu nod) ficlj Daritber untlar uusbritcfen, mas im .8entrum bet cljrifHicljen \lt1)te fteljt, niimliclj bie fteUvcrtretenbe @cnugtUUl1g <£ljriftt. :;5. Sj. <£. 5' t i tl A Practical Guide in Teaching the Tool Subjects of the Elementary Grades. By Carl F. Vogel. R. G. Adams and Co., Columbus, O. 1937. 407 pages, 6x9Y2. Price, $2.50. Education as Guidance. By John M. Brewer. The Macmillan Company. 1937. 668 pages, 5X8. Price, $2.75. We are bringing these two books to the attention of our readers, particularly to those pastors who themselves teach school or are keeping in touch with the latest developments in the field of pedagogy, because these two books contain information of an unusually practical kind. The author of the first book is professor of education in Capital University at Columbus. He presents his material in three parts, or divisions: Analysis and Organization of the Subject-matter; Analysis and Organization of the Teaching-learning Process; Illustrative Lesson Plans. The second part of the book alone is worth the price of the entire volume. Even the teacher of religion will find a wealth of suggestions here, especially with regard to lesson plans and the unit system of teaching. The reviewer hopes that many pastors will purchase this book, especially since its price, in view of the mass of material offered, is very low. - The last remark applies also to the second book, by an associate professor of education in Harvard University. He presents a viewpoint which may 720 Book Review - 53iteratur seem very unusual to many who have taught for many years, and he offers his discussion in a very challenging way. One may sometimes be inclined to disagree with certain points made, and our own parish- schools and confirmation classes will naturally be able to do very much more than the author suggests in his chapter on "Religious Guidance"; but the point is that the reader is constantly stimulated to think about definite teaching situations. We have marked paragraphs and individual sentences in many parts of the book and intend to profit from their application to particular situations. The suggestions on "Teaching How to Study" and "Criteria for Student Activities" are, in our opinion, especially rich in practical points. The book may well find its place into the libraries of pastors who desire to make every effort in teaching count toward a definite objective. P. E. KRETZMANN Old Testament History. By Rev. Arthur W. Klinck, Ph. D. 110 pages, 5X7lJ2. Price, 25 cts. Concordia Publishing House, St. Louis, Mo. Instructors Guide for Old Testament History. By W. O. Kraeft. Loose- leaf. 52 pages, 8lJ2x11. Price, $1.00. Our Publishing House should be congratulated for having brought out these two new means for the better instruction of our Sunday-school teachers. Dr. Klinck's book of instruction is similar in size, arrangement, and disposition of material to Dr. Arndt's fine manual of instruction in the Christian Fundamentals, which was reviewed some time ago in these columns; and Professor Kraeft has followed the same sound principles of efficient teaching in arranging his instructors guide for this new Old Testament History as in his previous guides. All we can say for these new publications is that they ought to be examined by our pastors and teachers with a view to introducing them in their Sunday-school teachers' training classes. Sound in doctrine, clear and scholarly in their presen- tation, and modern in pedagogical technique, they fully satisfy the pres- ent need for such helps. May God's blessings rest upon them for much fruit to His glory! J. THEODORE MUELLER NOTICE TO OUR SUBSCRmERS In order to render satisfactory service, we must have our current mailing-list correct. The expense of maintaining this list has been materially increased. Under present regulations we are subject to a "fine" on all parcels mailed to an incorrect address, inasmuch as we must pay 2 cents for every notification sent by the postmaster on a parcel or periodical which is undeliverable because no forwarding address is available or because there has been a change of address. This may seem insignificant, but in view of the fact that we have subscribers getting three or more of our periodicals and considering our large aggregate subscription list, it may readily be seen that it amounts to quite a sum during a year; for the postmaster will address a notification to each individual periodical. Our subscribers can help us by notifying us-one notification (postal card, costing only 1 cent) will take care of the ad-:lresses for several publications. We shall be very grateful for your cooperation. 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