Full Text for Evangelical Testimony At Sittensen (Text)

THE SPRINGFIELDER is published quarterly by the faculty cordia Theological Seminary, Sp~gf ie ld , Ilhois, of the L Church-Missouri Synod. EDITORIAL COMMIIITEE ERICH H. HEMTZEN, Editor R~YMOND F. SURBURG, Book Revitxu Editor DAVID P . SCAER, Associate Editor JOHN D. FRITZ, Associate Editor PRESIDENT J . A. 0. PREUS, ex officio Contents EDITORIALS R.I. Luther, b. Nov. 10, 1 iVho speaks for the bliss A DANISH LUTHERAN DOGMA RAYMOND F. SURBURG, Department of Exegetical Theology, Springfield, Illinois ................ EVANGELICAL TESTIRIONY AT SITTENSEN.. :: OTTO F. STAHLKE, Departme Springfield, Illinois \VHO CAY THIS BE? A R EUGENE F. KLUG, Departme Springfteld, Illinois BOOKS RECEIVED .............................................................. .i Missouri, mill also cover mailing change of The Springfielder. of address should be sent to the Business Manager of The Spring cordia Theological Seminary, Springfield, Illinois 62702. Address communications to the Editor, Erich H. Heintzen, Concor logical Seminary, Springfield, Illinois 62702. Evangelical Testimony At Sittensen Preparatiotz in 1 967 HE BERLIN CONGRESS on at which even FIaile T Sclassie appeared, 1~;:s the inspiration for r rallying of the '\'angelical nlovenlents in European Lutllc.ranism ;it Sittcnsen near Hamburg in February of this year. In preparation for this mccting Lektor Erik Petrkn, an emissary of the Swcdish Bishop Bo Giertz, and Pfarrviknr Studer had visited all tllc leaders of the ev;inglicsl nlovenlents and had arranged a prcIiminar?. meeting at Sittensen under Pastor Peter Hartig, \vho shepherds the local stronghold of confession oriented Luth~ranislll. The theme chosen for the 1968 assembly nras "l:e\.cl;ltion- Sc r i~ tu rc -~hurch" , because these kerr ~irords bcs t cxpresscd the areas of concern and protest, in mhicl~ ' the c\~angJical groups, called S a m ~ ~ ~ l l ~ l z ~ ~ l ~ , wished to offer testimonr to their churches. The Purpose \$'as rather to offer such testimon\ than to i i ~ \ ~ i t e "nlodcnl" theologians to a debate. (Such a debate 1;ild bccn hcld at Sittcnscl~ in October 1964 bct~vecn .II7altcr Kuenncth clnd Ernst F L I C ~ S 011 t l ~ ~ ' resurrection of Christ). It n-as exprcsced tba t tllc projected sssrmbly be held without aut]lorilatio1l by tIic lcatlers of thc various state-related church bodies, e\cn at the risk of their disfn\or-. It \\,as ~icrtz, ~011- tllerefore greatly appreciated that a Swedish bishop, Bo C' salted to chair this ilsselllbly iind was active1~- interested. T ~ c discussion at the plallning ~llcrting rojenlcd s o w of the 1"Ovocations which nloVctl the Germall a l l t l Scanclinavian theologian5 to undertake this couragcolls step. ;\lnollg tllcsc grn17nvtirm rrcril 1 )o l i t ic i~ in~ of tile churc]lcs, thC illflur~lcr of esistcntinlisol. the toleration of r i ~ o d c r ~ ~ j ~ t ~ in the pulpits and in ccclesiasticnl 0ilicc~. the efforts of church lca(lcrs to s;l\'e t l ~ c institiltion L'ro~u schisnl at all costs, the r()lc as fllncti()~lnrjcs o f t11c pastor\ a ~ i c l ~~~~~~~~~s (c\iclcnt in the clecisic)ns rcgordinp thc ordination of \ \ O I I I U ~ ) ~ 3 r d the baleful i ~ l f l ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ of ;l prc\-ailillgll) nnodcrnistic unircrsih ~ h c - ol()gJ . Silggeslions for olcrcomirlg thc-c conditions 1, crc alu) offered: i~lf(jrn1a tion to tllc congrcSntiolls- pcrh;~lx in tllc fortn of P o d catechisms, seminars for stlldcnts and incmbera still actire; wfiliccs of relwnt;incc i l l conyreyaliolls; and tllr founding of their olrn tllcological seminaries. Suc]l qnestio~ls as the creation of fret churches and the ordillatjon of norncn ucre to be avoided at coming ~ssell lbly. TIlc purposr should hc to unite the cr3ngr1ica1 1lloVc.cments and to prepare the rvay for organircd tcstim@n!'. closillg 011 Sundas shoulcl hale tlic charactel- of a mission fcstiral rat]lcr than that of a ser\,ice uilh IJol! C~)lllnlunion: latter would r:lise the qllcsfion of open co~llmunion, \\hilt \r.oulcl offcr the opporrunitr to heor norldnidc rcl)ortr the critical situntion in the church. onc hu~~l l re t l and t ~ c n t r tlleoJo~ii'ns br in\ ite(], of jrhonl it ,$.as hope(] that one thlril coul(1 fron1 l'lc I Scandinavian countries, so that the Scandin;l\~ians \vould not be too I I greatly outnumbered and appear as ;m csotic marginal illumination'' at the illceting in Germany. I. Theological Consideratio\~s, February I 9 68 Lactherischer Rundblick (Oberursel) has reported extensively on the meeting at Sittensen, as has Der Lrrtherancr of the Gerlllan Lutheran Free Churches. The antithesis is to be seen primarily in Lutherische Monatshefte (Hamburg). The ~ammlurrgen, repre- senting Sweden, Norway, Denmark, IVest Berlin, and the various Landeskirchcn of West Gernlanv arc recorded under their state- ment below. Groups in ~ o l l a n d , ' France, and Austria were sympa- thetic but not in attendance. T h e Lutheran Frec Churches in fel- lowship with the Lutheran Church-hlissouri Synod were also repre- sented. Three morning scssions were devotecl to hearing essays, the afternoons to discussion meetings of the theologians. Any report on these essays must neccss;nily he sketchy, based on very brief con- densations. The complete essays, pb l i shed by Pastor Peter Hartif9 edited by Pastor Hans-I.ut~ l'oetsch, are in c;lrly fall, available from the Verlag~~emcinschaft R. Brockha~~s in \ITuppertal and Stcltcn & Co., Bremen. Sverrc Aalcn, the Oslo New 'I'estamc>nt scholar, lectured on "The Iic\.clation of Christ and Scientific Research". He stated that the revelation offercd in the person of Christ and in the Word of Holy Scripti~rc must hc unrlcrstood as ;I supernatural reality; tha t man dcccivcs himsclf if he believes that he can attain to the kllowledge of objective t r ~ ~ t h h! the use of cerebration and rescarch, based on rcasun and cxpcricncc alonc; therefore a historical-critical method of research cannot Icad to an understantling of revelation u~l less it is applied \vitllin tllc t'ramcn-ork of thc faith transmitted by the cllurcll. Sccol:lr methods can ir used in problems of archeology a n d gcogr;~ph?.. ctc.. as loner as thcy arc kept \vit]lin the bounds character- ? istic of thc auxiliar). sclcnccs. \\'alter Kuenncth of Erlangcn presented the tllenlc, "Christol- 0 ~ 1 ;I I'roblcm 'Tod;nf". I-Ic cniphasizetl that the groond of f a i t h lies P . X ~ ~ U holairlela. ill God's savillg acts. Faith is thus nourished by an antccccle~lt c\ cnt, \vhicl~ prcdetenni i~c~ its content a n d is ade- c~ufitc to it\ purpose. Faith rccogni~cs ~I ia t God has intervened t11r011~11 Christ. ;I filct s~~bsta~l t ia t rd by the earthly witness given by Christ. Cliristology is tllcreforc tbeoioRy, for thc encounter with Christ is ,111 encounter \\.it11 God. Historical criticism i s able to dctcrlnillc matters of factual cznctlless; beyond that i t cannot go. -rhfi)log\' lllllst csprcss itself in lanouag conformable to the con ten t c)f faith order to S ~ O \ Y the unit\, oT. and troth in Christology. Tllc a~l'licalioll of COncc13ts fro111 pag;m ieligionS (Greek) or other \ollrccs lnL1st be s~lbjcct to :I reintcrprctntion in with 'c'c.l'(:(l tllmlogl. If old theological tclms ;Ire cscllanged for n e w t o b r i n ~ tl1vl11 illto corrc~pondanre \\.it11 contenlpornr\, language, thev L Evangelical Testimony at Sittensen 3 1 must always be capable of rctranslation into the NCW Testamen witness. T h e possibility of a rational, empirical explanation of th New Testament witness is not granted. The comn~ission of Mat tha 2 8 means that the content of the good news is to be nladc intclligibl to the man of cverg age. Martin Wittenberg of Neuendettelsau treated "Thc Relati01 between History and \Nor(l in the Old Tcstarnent". His epigrammati( forlnulations, "IVord beconles historyw, an(] "Historv beconrs IVord" do llot attain the same clarity by the other essayists. HI stated "The Word is an effective, creative power; it not only an nounces history but creates it. II7e kno\\r the authors, ~ 1 1 0 at tinle! w o t e historin. The\l nlade the effort to relate that which had occur red; but above all they strove to give a witness of the lirlin:: God Thus have interpreted histor\, which brings us to the contfnlpor "Y problenl. God is not only's snper-historical rcalitjr, the Old Testament also expresses a bet~veen God and tllc jlrorld, be twen God and people. . . E ~ l c ~ ~ l historiiln can describe the signifi- cance of religion in history, but he cannot say that God iliakes histor\' . . Problc~ns in the hisfor\ of Israel: sillcc the rc~or tcd facts eraluations in part varv the books, ;I unified st;ltcm!nt can- not always bc arrived i t . '\\Then history becainc l170rtl, it becanlc i~ords, ' -)et they remain a syn~phon! i n the Old TCst~mL'nt." The discussion ~horved that t]lose procll t nladc ;111 issue of taking the Old Testament seriously. T]ley asked: does thr Holy Spirit work through "fiction", sucI1 as the [1bra]lam storics h:lvt. hccn tlcclare(l b!. critics? \Vhat is llleant by synlpl1ony of \.nrio~is thcd()gics in tllc Old Testament?" Joachi~ii Hcubach of I(ic] rc.ad an cssaj on "'The Spirit\\ rollght- neus Historicit) of Holy Scriptureu. Hc stated tllnt c rcn thr scientific study of the ScriptLlrcs call be rUcccssf~ll on]! llntlcr the "~lidancc of the IIolrr Spirit; that the llistoricitr of God i n Scr ip t~~rc P 1s a realit\, r ~ h i c h h$torical research can pcrllips not at all pcrcci\.c. for llistorical research is a hVothcsjs ;lnd n*orki nit11 hypoth~se~: that it must not bc said that n.c cannot go d c g e r than hiatoricnl-critical research; that the union of and distinctiolls bct\\.ccn s/?iritt(s litters are annlogous to the (]octrinr of tllc t ~ s o rintrlrcs of Christ: that the historicity anrl the SpiritrvroLlgJt rh:lr.~cIcr 01 Srripturc ~llust seen together. ' D r . Hcubach clistingulshed four hinds of t i l t i o ~ of Scrip- ture : 1 . the rcientific-exegctical. ?. t ] ~ ccluc,~tional. 3 . liturgical* and 4. the private deI,otiollnl. The last, which incrcasingl) hccolnes the center of illtercst, he slated, i the true startincl,oint f the other kinds of Lltiliz;ltiun Scripture. From this i t bcconlo clear that a proper of tile Spirit and of llistoricil! arc i r lse~2rabl~ (Schlntter) lvha tmnt ters is that tllc Hol>r Spirit is tllc Spirit of the Scriptllrcs, not nlerdr a conlp]cmcn tar) cpistcmologic:~l Our acccpt;lncc of scrif;turc i c truly o u r \ , but i \ hcn l r c "accept". a p)\r.cr has lllac~e itself er idenc in I , < , r v h i t l l doe\ Jln[ llrqcccr1 fn)nl US. IiritLla1 giftS. ~t is i m p o r t a n t to c()nfccs rind to live this lrticlc of faith also in orrr tjlllr. E v f i ~ g c l i c n l 7'estimotzy at Sittcnscn _ - _ __ - - Finally, Llegiiin l'renter of ilarhus discussed the question, "\Vh does it mean today to be the Church?" T h e constitution of the churc cannot be separated from its spiritual character and luust thcrefol be drawn up in onf for in it^ rvith it. It must be provided that t l lllealls of grace arc in primary relation to the people receiving the11 therefore also with the otficc instituted by Christ for their adn~~nis t r . tion. Dr. l'rentcr examined the seven marks of the church accordir: to Luther's Von den Co~rciliis wrd i(irchelr and app l id then1 1 the situation today, i.e. , to the practice of national c h ~ ~ r c h e s xtar in lllany countries. He held that the question is not exclusively on of the true doctrine in the pulpit, but also of the true confession an life of the congregation. At this point disciplinary ordinances ar possible, , . but not doctrinal sanctions (lehrgesetzliche Sicl~erurrge~t, responsibility of the bishop does llot imply police and compulsio but rather a positive pastoral counseling and brotherhood. Thc her( tic must be convinced that he does 11ot stand in the consensus of th cOngrcgation. Only if hc dtws llot then resign, must he finally b colllpelled to do so. Today's ilationnl churches are lot ready f~ this p r ~ ~ t i c c . An cvangclical training is nceded, in \vhich t h ~ Ho1 brines a renewal through the mrans of grace. This lnethoc frcq~iently iinposes a cross upon thc minister. The church serves thl rvorld by resisting thc forces in tllc world, \r~hich attack the church Through the loss of tenlpornl influence it is brought into :* sito:ltion rvllrre it must take rccoursc to its o s . ~ l sources of power. A difficult assignlnent fell to Ohr.rkirc.l~~~lrrrt I(lal)l~er, n.11~ represented thc German National Committee of thc J,utI~criln IVorlc Federation ill an cvcllillg lllcetillg at the Sittcnscn parsoll;lgc. tlftel the custuinary amenities one of tile S \ ~ ~ l i s l l guests nskcrl tbc Ohel- kil-clzelzrat, what I-\\'E; wolllc] (lo j f thc hrcthrcn oT the Srvcdish S f l n l n l l z t ~ l ~ shoultl bc forcctl out of the statc. chi~rch. ;IS sccnicd to be indicated. \Yollld tllC 12\$7F dcc]aly itself for the cause of the 1,utheran Confessions, or n.olllc{ the Snrrrmlrilrg bc n8rittcn off 2)s 3 sect? i\'aturalllp, Dr. Iirjt. 3. i\ccording to thc Xen. Tcstalnent the csaltcd Chr is t is the Plead of His church. \Vllerever this Clirist, H i s divine- 11~111311 c I i a r : ~ ~ t ~ r , Flis atoning rlcatll, Ilis physical resur- r c c t i o ~ ~ , a~ id Hi\ ;~sccnsio~~ to i]~t. FillJlcr, ilrr (leniecl, there -- -- Evangelical Tcstirno~zy nt Sittcnscn 3 7 -- ---- the Church is not present. Christ rulcs His Church through the means of gracc instituter] by Him, the Word and the sacraments, for the acl~nil~istration of which He has estab- lished the pastoral office. The office is not subject to the optional disposition of inail, but is deteri1lincd by the insti- tution and conlmand of the Lord. Wherever thc Biblical fouridation and the apostolic comn~ission of the church arc denied, Christian faith degcncrates into a program of mere humanitarianism, politics, and mundane pl~jlosopl~y. The message of thc orthodox church is tllc sourcc of the iolr and freedom of inan. \\'c illlplore the Elol\ Spirit that Hc llla! preserve the truth of the Gospel also for us in our tilnc. On Saturday, Fcb. 24, 1968 all the lnrmbers of thc follo\\ing gro~lps prcsent acceptcd this ~vord to the congregations: Kirch lick e Salnmhmg tllrr Bibel t~ trd Sckenlltnis, Streden ~ f ~ r r e r b t r i r d fzrrr Bibel irrld ilekerrrltais, Nor\\r:iy .!a z i r i t l Neil1 tIer Kircllc, Denmark Kirc.11 liche S a ~ n t n [ ~ , r g ILln ljjbel 7lrrrl M r f ~ s r ~ f lis, Bar aria KircAlichc Snrnnrbrtrg r l l r l Bib21 711rd I l ~ ~ / u > i ~ , l t i ~ i c , Br;~unscichn.cig Kirclr liche Sairlralilag lrrrr Ribel rrxd Ilekerrrit rlis, i l : l l l ~ ~ c r 1 1 S n , ~ ~ r ~ l l s , , ~ 1 ~ 1 1 , Cihpl 2,ild / : ~ r l t 1 1 ~ , SL'lllc5\ii~- I lolstein ~ - z ~ t l ~ r r i r ~ ~ k a r K o i ~ l ~ r a t , Halnburg ~lilncrki.scli-l,~lt/t~riscJ~c~~- Koilr r~rlt, \\.cstl~l~illia Ihr lm-:~r Rrcis, \\'cs tpl~al ia E17~rrgeli.sch-Iuthc~rischc (c~ltlrltlzerisc*lr~'j liir.r%ll~ El1n,l geliscJz-J.7~tl1erisc/1o !'r-cil:irch c Selh.stnelrtljgc E ~ ~ a ~ ~ g ~ l i ~ ~ . l ~ - I u t h ~ r j \i.l1~1 I ; ~ ~ L , ~ I J clians of the holy grail of orthodox),", hr lvritfi, take n position against those, who sin&rclv tr) to apl3l1. the li\,ing \\'on1 of God! He asks, "b 'ho \\r~)uld bc in'doubt, on j;]lich side 11c sho~i ld take his stand!" Ernst Henlc (hlarch 196 8) discusses "Rcvclation, Scripture, Church", thc Sittenscn theme, in a nlucll more ~ ~ n ~ p a t h c t i c manner. He questions the appropriatcncss of the popular tcrms "intcllect~lal honesty" and "1\70rld conle of as adecluatc to desci-ibc "1110derll theology" and its folk)~~1ing. Henlc calls for dialog between those of Sittenscn ancl the I,andes]:irchcll. closcs: "In any case, onl)' the church which believes ailcl confesses, h;is thc promise that the gates of hell shall not l~re\ai] against it,"-- (rrlle documentation section of the hfarch issue of' LzltI~crisclle ,liIol~atsJ~eftc offers also the I)uesscltlorf IIecIaration of Icnt to c u t off this support to the churches may gain even greater 11lomcntum. i\ further consideration is also the fact that the state-rclatecl churcllcs 11a\rc strong national lo!c~ltics nncI scclc to play a in lllaintnining or repaining favorable rc la t io~~s in thc \\.orltl for their homcl;ln(l. Ilcligjon and politics can hcconle strancwI\ intcrrclatec], leatljl~g to t11c c\.angeIical protest 7; against "politicj/ing . I 'hus it will not s of Gcrmnny hcl\.e accepted the ordin;~th)n i l l the nl>~)stolic succession, a succcss crectited to S t c ~ h c n Ncill, who taught in IIambLlrg for a (lccade. T h e forma- ti011 of rcgional churcl~cs in the nlission iiclds is promotcd h!. solllc l)i51iops. as jndcccl it is h\ Icadcrs of L\\'F. T l ~ c strollg Norwegian ~nJssion ~Ocict! has thrca tctnec] to 11 it]ldra\y f roll1 the Commission 01 ' \\ Orld h l i s ~ b ~ ~ of 1.11'1:. as ille) (lid froln nlission department of \\'CC, o\cr t h ~ policies cxccutcd in the mission fields b \ ~ LI\'F. Thus. \vhilc thc cvangelicnl groups fear that thev may be ~ s t r a - c i~cd . thc national churches fear that thcr ma); sooil'bc cxcccdingly poor. and that thcy \\Till ncecl to lcarll fro111 the ilmerican brethren, how to carr). on itc\\:ardship programs. Such an eventuality might pn)ducc thc most favorable climate for a healthv Luthcranisnl. I t secms that sonlc sofutiorls must soon bc found.' Gerlllan citizens ha\,c thc pri\,ilcgc of being cscnlpt from thc church tax if they de- clorc tliclnsclver atheists or lnembers of free chorc]les, which step is i n fact tilkcn b! Icss tllan fi1.c l>crccj~t. I f ~ I I C a c t i ~ c l ~ l e ~ ~ ~ b ~ r ~ h i p in "[.arc Cnngrc~ations" of thc L~n.deskin:hc,r is generouslv estimated tell percent, tllcrc remains a vast nlajoritv, who pay their church i s . citizens, but do not fakc part 'ill church :~ctirjtjes. It \\'odd be a mistake, hon.ever, to conclu(je that this \last majority is totally materialistic and un-Christian. An observation of these people \\'jll reveal much confusion, I ) L I ~ also 11l~ i~h discontent with the estab- lished church. To this ivriter there is no doubt but that the true preaching of the Gospel and the right ad~llillistration of the sacra- ments could produce a revival in Gcmnlany. I t is devoutly to be wished that American Lutllcrans, moving toward a soooclcr Luther- anism, could address thelnselvcs to the European Lutllernns on folk to folk basis. Given t}le pruper approach, a reestablished relation be- t\veen peoples could contribute nluch t() winning Europc:iu I,l~thcrans to a better understanding of L ~ ~ t h c ~ a ~ l i s l ~ l . Germany, in particolar, is still suffering froill its debacle Hitler, and whilr i\ineric:lll Lutherans have experienced a forgiving and forgetting, thr Gcrlllalls, \x7hether religiously active not, halle not been able to for:;ct. Tllc feelings of guilt, repentance, alld shnnle run dcep. Onc s ill Berlin pot it into worCls: "\Vc lla\.e bcol scvcrclu pnishrd , 011. Il()\r severely! We pr;I\/ that this nlay lla\.c an end." Tllc continllolls 1)roduction of books, fillllS, :111(1 T\7 u.hich illil! l l l i l h ' us feel like righteous clelivercrs, acts as n continuc~us scour~ini: upon an entire gcncration. TIlc Lutherans of countries ncccl to cstcnd the hand of f ~ l l o \ ~ s h i ~ to rrlicve this nnuictv. T h e joint assemblies of the German sntl S~iindinil\~iall Sfl11~1~~- l l l r~ge tr shorn c ~ n s i ( l ~ ~ ~ b ] ~ promise in the underst;incling l-utllcran I"()blcms, but it is too sang~linc ;In es~ilnilte lo crpccl tll:lt lhc'? could offel- any subst;mti;l] hope fol- fhr n~corcr! of L~ltll~mllisnl in Europe \.c.itllotlt cffccti\.c. assistance.. Tllis inight \VCH hc lllr f'orlll that :i mission to l~ :ur~lpc r~loll]d tnIic uj prc\.cnt tllc (ot.ll ~ C ~ L I I J ~ ~ - zation of I-lrtheran and l'rotcstant Christianit! .